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Keller helps me with a test pit |
Last Wednesday was my last archaeological survey of the year .. ... . I think. It was a day trip with a hike along the coast looking for sites - just like the one last week. And like last time Molly and I got dropped off and picked up in the helicopter. Helicopter rides make everything worth it, and it was a gorgeous hike along the beach.
On this survey we were required by the contract to dig a lot of test pits to look for sub surface cultural deposits - artifacts, fire-cracked rock, charcoal stained soil. I found this a little silly and un necessarily time consuming because Kodiak's site are usually fairly obvious. Most of the time there are structure depressions on the surface or there is almost always a spot where erosion has exposed site deposits for you to see. Or a soil probe will work too. Generally there is no need to dig a test pit. But we did our due diligence and dug test pits.
And found 2 sites - neither one as a result of a test pit. One site was obvious in an erosion profile (eroding firecracked rock and charcoal stained soil - see photo below) while the other one was a big and obvious house foundation and 3 other associated structure depressions.
Still I am not all down on all test pits. Sometimes you need to dig a hole if a site is set back from the ocean and not eroding. This is particularly true of older, more deeply buried sites. And in those situations I sort of know when you need to dig a test pit. I have found a few really old sites this way. There are 3 that come to my mind - one was the Amak site where we did community archaeology in 2011 and 2012 (click
here and
here for old posts). The Amak site is literally a kilometer from the coast, but I always thought it would be a good place for a site when the sea was closer. And when I finally got a chance to dig a hole. I found a site. The same is true of the Kashevarof Site across the valley from the Amak site. I had looked at the bench where it is situated for years as a possible site - and then finally got to dig a hole and bingo! (click
here for discovery of Kashevarof site). And finally last spring in Kiliuda Bay I dug a test pit and found a circa 5,000 year old site (
click here), but again, a few years before when we had excavated a nearby site, I had walked by the site every day and thought 'that low mound just has to be a site'. And when I finally got the chance to dig a test pit I was right!
So I am not opposed to test pits. I just don't think they are always needed. If there is a soil exposure handy and there is nothing in it - then there is no need to dig a test pit!
Patrick
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Helicopter arriving for pick up |
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en route to where we surveyed |
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At drop off |
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On survey coffee in hand |
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There is a site in this picture - guess where it is located |
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Soil exposures make it easy to find sites - no site here! (no charcoal, firecracked rock, or burnt soil). And no need to dig a test pit either, but we did anyway. |
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A place you would expect to find a site but we did not |
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These starfish looked kinda sick |
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This is a site we found - note the black soil and fire-cracked rock under the layer of white ash (1912 Katmai ash) |